Diabetes is the condition in which the body does not properly process food or use energy from food supplements. Most of the food we eat is turned into glucose or sugar for our bodies to use for energy. The pancreas and the other organs near the stomach produce a hormone called insulin to help glucose get into the cells of our bodies. When you have diabetes, your body either doesn’t make enough insulin or can’t use its own insulin as well as it could have. This causes sugar to build up in the blood. That is why diabetes is known as the ”increase in the body’s sugar level” to understand it more easily.
Diabetes symptoms
• Frequent urination
• Excessive thirst
• Unexplained weight loss
• Extreme hunger
• Sudden vision changes
• Tingling or numbness in hands or feet
• Feeling tired all the time
• Very dry skin
• More infections than usual
types of diabetes
Type 1 diabetes is usually diagnosed in children and young adults and only accounts for 5% to 10% of patients with diabetes. In this type, the pancreas does not produce any insulin.
Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of the disease. It represents 90% to 95% of all cases of diabetes. In this, their bodies either do not produce enough insulin or the cells of the body ignore the insulin. Therefore, they cannot use glucose as they are supposed to. When your cells ignore insulin, it’s often referred to as insulin resistance. This type can cause problems for mother and baby and usually goes away when the pregnancy ends. Other types of diabetes are the result of specific genetic syndromes such as surgery, medications, malnutrition, and other disease factors that contribute to 1% to 2% of diabetes.
causes of diabetes
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disorder. It is believed that a combination of genetic predisposition and additional factors cause the immune system to attack and kill the insulin-producing cell in the pancreas.
Type 2 diabetes is mainly caused by insulin resistance. This means that no matter how much insulin is produced, the body cannot use it in the proper amount. As a result, glucose cannot pass from the blood into the cells. Excess blood sugar gradually poisons the pancreas, causing it to produce less insulin and making blood glucose control even more difficult.
Secondary effects to other parts
Diabetes is the leading cause of heart disease, and also one of the leading causes of death in different countries. It is also the biggest cause of blindness and kidney failure in adults. People with diabetes are seen with high blood pressure
Diagnosis
Diabetes can be diagnosed with simple blood tests. Diabetes can be diagnosed if the blood sugar level after 8 hours of fasting is 7.00 mmol/L or higher. If your fasting blood sugar is between 6.1 mmol/l and 6.9 mmol/l, you may have a condition known as impaired fasting glucose, which can lead to diabetes.
How to treat diabetes?
There are several things you can do to help control your diabetes. For type 1 diabetes, healthy eating, physical activity and insulin injection are basic therapies. The amount of insulin must be balanced with food intake and daily activities. Control is done by blood glucose levels and should be closer to blood glucose tests.
For type 2 diabetes, healthy eating, physical activity, and blood glucose testing are the basic therapies. Also, many people with type 2 diabetes require oral medications, insulin, or both to control their blood glucose levels. The sum of it all can be said that within the blood cells, your blood sugar levels will return to normal.
Control of diabetes through therapies
There are many management measures for the control of diabetes. It mainly includes nutrition therapy, exercise therapy, oral anti-glycerin agent, insulin treatment, etc. Nutritional therapy is effective these days for diabetes control. Includes:
• Diet rich in fiber
• Restrict sodium intake
• Include whole grains and legumes
• For lunch and dinner, fill half the plate with non-starchy vegetables.
• A diet rich in protein should be encouraged.
Lastly, to get to the field of diabetes, regular exercises, strict medication regimen, regular screening etc. must be undertaken to control diabetes, if monitored and maintained in a very proper way, it could be controlled in a very proper way. effective way.